AI Article Synopsis
- Sporopollenin, a protective component of pollen cell walls, shields male gametophytes from environmental stresses, but its exact structure is not completely understood.
- Researchers analyzed sporopollenin from maize and Arabidopsis using advanced techniques and discovered that p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl lignin units are present, with H units being the most abundant.
- A genome-wide study identified the vesicle-associated membrane protein (ZmVAMP726) as crucial for determining lignin composition in sporopollenin and enhancing pollen's resistance to heat and UV radiation in both maize and Arabidopsis.
Article Abstract
Sporopollenin in the pollen cell wall protects male gametophytes from stresses. Phenylpropanoid derivatives, including guaiacyl (G) lignin units, are known to be structural components of sporopollenin, but the exact composition of sporopollenin remains to be fully resolved. We analyzed the phenylpropanoid derivatives in sporopollenin from maize and Arabidopsis by thioacidolysis coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The NMR and GC-MS results confirmed the presence of p-hydroxyphenyl (H), G, and syringyl (S) lignin units in sporopollenin from maize and Arabidopsis. Strikingly, H units account for the majority of lignin monomers in sporopollenin from these species. We next performed a genome-wide association study to explore the genetic basis of maize sporopollenin composition and identified a vesicle-associated membrane protein (ZmVAMP726) that is strongly associated with lignin monomer composition of maize sporopollenin. Genetic manipulation of VAMP726 affected not only lignin monomer composition in sporopollenin but also pollen resistance to heat and UV radiation in maize and Arabidopsis, indicating that VAMP726 is functionally conserved in monocot and dicot plants. Our work provides new insight into the lignin monomers that serve as structural components of sporopollenin and characterizes VAMP726, which affects sporopollenin composition and stress resistance in pollen.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721520 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100682 | DOI Listing |
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