Crystallization selectivity is an important principle in polymorph control. Ribavirin Form I, Form II, DMSO solvate, and amorphous ribavirin are prepared, and the short-range order similarities between these solid forms and ribavirin aqueous solution and DMSO solution are compared via mid-frequency Raman difference spectra (MFRDS). The crystallization process from amorphous ribavirin to Form I and from solution to amorphous phase is explained. Reasons for the difficulty in preparing the DMSO solvate are proposed. The rationale provided for the crystallization selectivity provides a foundation for the synthesis of metastable phases with a robust and convenient method.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176320 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey.
In this study, the effect of additives on particulate matter (PM) and flue gas emissions during the co-combustion of poultry waste and pine woodchips in air and oxy-fuel combustion conditions was examined. The appropriate additive for the fuel mixture to reduce PM emissions has been selected by a fast screening method based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in oxygen environment. Among the additives CaHPO, MgCO, MnCO, MgPO, kaolin, CaO, and Zn, the most suitable ones were determined as Zn and MgCO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada.
Adjuvants are a diverse group of substances that can be added to vaccines to enhance antigen-specific immune responses and improve vaccine efficacy. The first adjuvants, discovered almost a century ago, were soluble crystals of aluminium salts. Over the following decades, oil emulsions, vesicles, oligodeoxynucleotides, viral capsids, and other complex organic structures have been shown to have adjuvant potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetics (Basel)
December 2024
Entropic Interface Group, Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
Inspired by our recent success in designing CO-phobic and CO-philic domains on nano-MgO for effective CO adsorption, our ongoing efforts focus on incorporating dopants into pristine MgO to further enhance its CO adsorption capabilities. However, a clear set of guidelines for dopant selection and a holistic understanding of the underlying mechanisms is still lacking. In our investigation, we combined first-principles calculations with experimental approaches to explore the crystal and electronic structural changes in MgO doped with high-valence elements (Al, C, Si, and Ti) and their interactions with CO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Republic of Ireland.
Physisorbents are poised to address global challenges such as CO capture, mitigation of water scarcity and energy-efficient commodity gas storage and separation. Rigid physisorbents, those adsorbents that retain their structures upon gas or vapour exposure, are well studied in this context. Conversely, cooperatively flexible physisorbents undergo long-range structural transformations stimulated by guest exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Chem
January 2025
African Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Cape Town, South Africa.
Introduction: Treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a significant challenge because of its multifactorial nature and complex metabolic pathways. There is growing interest in finding new therapeutic targets that could lead to safer and more effective treatment options. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) is a promising antidiabetic target that plays a key role in metabolic regulation, especially in glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure.
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