Prediction of outcome using CD14CD16, CD14CD16 and CD14CD16 monocyte subpopulations in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections.

There is still no study investigating the prognostic performance of CD14CD16, CD14CD16 and CD14CD16 monocyte subpopulations in complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs); therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between monocyte subtypes and outcome in such patients. A single-center prospective study was conducted at a University Hospital Stara Zagora between November 2018 and August 2021. Preoperatively and on the 3rd postoperative day (POD), we measured the levels of CD14CD16, CD14CD16 and CD14CD16 monocytes in peripheral blood using flow cytometry in 62 patients with cIAIs and 31 healthy controls. Nine of the 62 patients died during hospitalization. Survivors had higher pre-surgery percentages of CD14CD16 classical monocytes and higher percentage of these cells predicted favorable outcome in ROC analysis (AUROC = 0.781, p = 0.008). The CD14CD16 intermediate monocyte percentages were higher in non-survivors both pre- and postoperatively but only the higher preoperative values predicted a lethal outcome (AUROC = 0.722, p = 0.035). For CD14CD16 non-classical monocytes, non-survivors had lower percentages on day 3 post-surgery and low percentage was predictive of lethal outcome (AUROC = 0.752, p = 0.046). Perioperative levels of monocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood show a great potential for prognostication of outcome in patients with cIAIs.