Introduction: The study objective was to compare the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical and isolates obtained from a secondary-care hospital prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted based on AMR profiles of clinical Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The AMR data represented isolates from five specimen types (body fluids; blood; respiratory; wound, bone, or other tissues; and urine) of patients admitted to four wards (surgical, medical, pediatric, and maternal-postnatal). Tested isolates between January 2019 and February 2020 represented the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period in Kuwait, whereas those from February 2020 until April 2021 represented the 'during COVID-19' period.
Results: A total of 1,303 isolates (57.2% and 42.8% ) were analyzed. For ceftazidime, ertapenem and meropenem, the prevalence of AMR in was significantly (p<0.05) lower in pre-COVID-19 wards compared to that during COVID-19, whereas for other antibiotics (i.e., cefepime, gentamicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), the prevalence of AMR in pre-COVID-19 was significantly higher than that during COVID-19. The prevalence of AMR to gentamicin in isolates from non-COVID-19 wards (52.8%) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that from COVID-19 wards (35.0%) and from the pre-COVID-19 period (32.9%). The multidrug-resistance (MDR) prevalence was 37.4% for and 32.1% for isolates. The odds of MDR in isolates from the COVID-19 medical wards were significantly lower (OR=0.27, [95%CI: 0.09-0.80], p=0.018) compared to the pre-COVID-19 wards. The odds of MDR and isolates by COVID-19 status stratified by specimen type were not different (p>0.05).
Conclusions: No major differences in AMR in and prevalence by specimen type and wards prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic was observed at this hospital. The high reported MDR prevalence calls for better infection control and prevention.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.18683/germs.2022.1341 | DOI Listing |
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