Existing methodologies for metal-catalyzed cross-couplings typically rely on preinstallation of reactive functional groups on both reaction partners. In contrast, C-H functionalization approaches offer promise in simplification of the requisite substrates; however, challenges from low reactivity and similar reactivity of various C-H bonds introduce considerable complexity. Herein, the oxidative cross dehydrogenative coupling of α-amino C()-H bonds and aldehydes to produce ketone derivatives is described using an unusual reaction medium that incorporates the simultaneous use of di--butyl peroxide as an oxidant and zinc metal as a reductant. The method proceeds with a broad substrate scope, representing an attractive approach for accessing α-amino ketones through the formal acylation of C-H bonds α to nitrogen in -heterocycles. A combination of experimental investigation and computational modeling provides evidence for a mechanistic pathway involving cross-selective nickel-mediated cross-coupling of α-amino radicals and acyl radicals.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c06532 | DOI Listing |
Chem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
Fluoroalkyl arenes (Ar-R) are valuable substructures present in several FDA-approved drugs, patents, agrochemicals, and materials, and complementary strategies that enable access to a broad spectrum of Ar-R compounds benefit these applied fields. Herein, we report a deoxyfluoroalkylation-aromatization strategy to convert cyclohexanones into broad-spectrum Ar-R containing compounds. Generally, the fluoroalkyl sources were activated to participate in a 1,2-addition reaction followed by aromatization in a sequence that contrasts more common preparations of these Ar-R compounds, such as (i) transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl electrophiles and nucleophiles, and (ii) radical fluoroalkylation reactions of C-H bonds of arenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
January 2025
School of the Chemical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
The folding of the guanine repetitive region in the telomere unit into G-quadruplex (G4) by drugs has been suggested as an alternative approach for cancer therapy. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) are two important drugs in the trial stage for cancer. Both drugs can induce the folding of telomere-guanine-rich sequences into G4 even in the absence of salt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.
The chemical reactivity between benzene and the "naked" acyclic carbene-like (G13X) species, having two bulky N-heterocyclic boryloxy ligands at the Group 13 center, was theoretically assessed using density functional theory computations. Our theoretical studies show that (BX) preferentially undergoes C-H bond insertion with benzene, both kinetically and thermodynamically, whereas the (AlX) analogue favors a reversible [4 + 1] cycloaddition. Conversely, the heavier carbene analogues ((GaX), (InX), and (TlX)) are not expected to engage in a reaction with benzene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Inorg Chem
May 2024
Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are Cu-dependent metalloenzymes that catalyze the hydroxylation of strong C-H bonds in polysaccharides using O or HO as oxidants (monooxygenase/peroxygenase). In the absence of C-H substrate, LPMOs reduce O to HO (oxidase) and HO to HO (peroxidase) using proton/electron donors. This rich oxidative reactivity is promoted by a mononuclear Cu center in which some of the amino acid residues surrounding the metal might can accept and donate protons and/or electrons during O and HO reduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.
Photochemistry-based silica formation offers a pathway toward energy-efficient and controlled fabrication processes. While the transformation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) to silica (often referred to as SiO due to incomplete conversion) under deep ultraviolet (DUV) irradiation in the presence of oxygen/ozone has experimentally been validated, the detailed mechanism remains elusive. This study demonstrates the underlying molecular-level mechanism of PDMS-to-silica conversion using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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