AI Article Synopsis

  • Plant viruses cause various agricultural diseases, but the exact mechanisms behind these viral infections in plants are not well understood.
  • Recent research focused on Kobu-sho disease in gentian found that a gene fragment from the gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus (GKaV) can lead to gall formation and abnormal development of vascular tissues.
  • The study shows that the Kobu-sho-inducing factor can cause not only gall formation but also differentiation of leaf-like tissues, revealing new insights into how viruses manipulate plant development and signaling pathways.

Article Abstract

Plant viruses induce various disease symptoms that substantially impact agriculture, but the underlying mechanisms of viral disease in plants are poorly understood. Kobu-sho is a disease in gentian that shows gall formation with ectopic development of lignified cells and vascular tissues such as xylem. Here, we show that a gene fragment of gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus, which is designated as Kobu-sho-inducing factor (), induces gall formation accompanied by ectopic development of lignified cells and xylem-like tissue in . Transgenic gentian expressing exhibited tumorous symptoms, confirming the gall-forming activity of . Surprisingly, expression can also induce differentiation of an additional leaf-like tissue on the abaxial side of veins in normal and gentian leaves. Transcriptome analysis with expressing revealed that activates signaling pathways that regulate xylem development. KOBU protein forms granules and plate-like structures and co-localizes with mRNA splicing factors within the nucleus. Our findings suggest that is a novel pleiotropic virulence factor that stimulates vascular and leaf development. IMPORTANCE While various mechanisms determine disease symptoms in plants depending on virus-host combinations, the details of how plant viruses induce symptoms remain largely unknown in most plant species. Kobu-sho is a disease in gentian that shows gall formation with ectopic development of lignified cells and vascular tissues such as xylem. Our findings demonstrate that a gene fragment of gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus (GKaV), which is designated as Kobu-sho-inducing factor, induces the gall formation accompanied by the ectopic development of lignified cells and xylem-like tissue in . The molecular mechanism by which gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus induces the Kobu-sho symptoms will provide new insight into not only plant-virus interactions but also the regulatory mechanisms underlying vascular and leaf development.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537666PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00463-23DOI Listing

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