Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma and several other tumors and hyperproliferative diseases seen predominantly in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and other immunocompromised persons. There is an increasing body of evidence showing that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play important roles in the biology of KSHV and in the pathogenesis of KSHV-induced diseases. Hypoxia and HIFs can induce lytic activation of KSHV and KSHV can in turn lead to a hypoxic-like state in infected cells. In this review, we describe the complex interactions between KSHV biology, the cellular responses to hypoxia, and the pathogenesis of KSHV-induced diseases. We also describe how interference with HIFs can lead to decreased tumor growth and/or death of infected cells and KSHV-induced tumors. Finally, we show how these observations may lead to novel strategies for the treatment of KSHV-induced diseases.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10502919 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29071 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Sustained virologic suppression of multidrug-resistant HIV in an individual treated with anti-CD4 domain 1 antibody and lenacapavir.
Nat Med
January 2025
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
The clinical management of people with multidrug-resistant (MDR) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains challenging despite continued development of antiretroviral agents. A 58-year-old male individual with MDR HIV and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was treated with a new antiretroviral regimen consisting of anti-CD4 domain 1 antibody UB-421 and capsid inhibitor lenacapavir. The individual experienced delayed but sustained suppression of plasma viremia and a substantial increase in the CD4 T cell count.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA KSHV-targeted small molecule efficiently blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection via inhibiting expression of EGFR and Cyclin A2.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2025
MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Shanghai Institute of Infections Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased cases of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), leading to higher mortality rates due to the lack of targeted treatments.
- Cambogin, a natural product, has shown promise in reducing tumors associated with KSHV in mice, but its effects on SARS-CoV-2 were not fully understood until recent research.
- The study reveals that Cambogin targets 46 host genes affected by both viruses and effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication while also slowing the growth of KSHV-induced tumors, suggesting its potential as a treatment for patients co-infected with both viruses.
Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors in malignancies caused by Kaposis sarcoma associated herpesvirus.
Glob Health Med
October 2024
HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
In this editorial, we highlight the potential use of inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) for the use in Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (also known as human herpesvirus-8) related malignancies. The past 20 years has accumulated detailed knowledge of the role of these factors in ensuring the maintenance of the KSHV in infected cells, in aiding the growth of the virus infected cells and aiding in the spread of virus from infected cells by inducing lytic reactivation. Today, a wide range of inhibitors for HIFs are currently being clinically evaluated for use in treating a variety of cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSequencing of Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) genomes from persons of diverse ethnicities and provenances with KSHV-associated diseases demonstrate multiple infections, novel polymorphisms, and low intra-host variance.
PLoS Pathog
July 2024
Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
Recently published near full-length KSHV genomes from a Cameroon Kaposi sarcoma case-control study showed strong evidence of viral recombination and mixed infections, but no sequence variations associated with disease. Using the same methodology, an additional 102 KSHV genomes from 76 individuals with KSHV-associated diseases have been sequenced. Diagnoses comprise all KSHV-associated diseases (KAD): Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), KSHV-associated large cell lymphoma (KSHV-LCL), a type of multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV-MCD), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammasome activation in patients with Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated diseases.
Blood
October 2024
HIV Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated diseases include Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), and KS inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). PEL, MCD, and KICS are associated with elevated circulating inflammatory cytokines. However, activation of the inflammasome, which generates interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 via active caspase-1/4/5, has not been evaluated in patients with KSHV-associated diseases (KADs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!