Massive hydronephrosis due to obstruction by upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma with compression of the inferior vena cava.

A 78-year-old woman presented with tachypnea, abdominal distension, bilateral lower limb edema, and hematuria. A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis was performed, which revealed a significant left-sided hydronephrosis upstream of an upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC). The patient underwent a left open nephroureterectomy, and approximately 10 L of fluid were evacuated. Follow-up examinations did not show any recurrence of abdominal swelling.