AI Article Synopsis

  • Badgers in Europe are significant carriers of tuberculosis (TB), posing a risk to cattle, prompting research on an oral TB vaccine delivered through tasty bait.
  • In a study, eight badgers received a vaccine via peanut butter baits, while a control group of seven badgers did not get vaccinated, with the vaccinated group receiving a second dose later.
  • Results showed that while two vaccinated badgers had high bacterial loads, six others experienced slight improvements, indicating the vaccine's partial effectiveness, but also highlighting the need for better vaccination strategies to enhance protection and reduce failure rates.

Article Abstract

Badgers () are a major tuberculosis (TB) reservoir in Europe, with the potential to transmit infection to cattle. Here we assessed whether a recently described oral tuberculosis vaccine based on heat-inactivated (HIMB) delivered as edible baits, can protect badgers from infection. Eight badgers were given individually five baits, each one consisting of a ball of peanut butter, natural peanut and oat flakes including a dose of the vaccine containing 5 × 10 colony-forming units. In parallel, a control group of seven badgers did not receive the vaccine. One month and a half later a second dose of the vaccine was offered to the vaccinated group. Ninety-four days after the second dose, all badgers were challenged with (10 colony-forming units per animal) delivered endobronchially to the right middle lung lobe. Clinical, immunological, pathological and bacteriological variables were measured throughout the whole study to assess the efficacy of the vaccine. Two vaccinated animals showed high bacterial load of and worsening of pathological lesions of TB. Conversely, the other six vaccinated animals showed slight improvement in bacterial load and pathology with respect to the control group. These results suggest that delivering the TB vaccine via food bait can partially protect wild badger populations, although vaccination can lead to either protection or tolerization, likely depending on the animal's immune status and general condition at the time of vaccination. Further optimization of the vaccination trial/strategy is needed to reduce the rate of tolerization, such as altering vaccine dose, number of doses, type of bait, use of adjuvants or route of administration.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10474426PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19349DOI Listing

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