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Tranexamic dosing for major joint arthroplasty in adult patients with chronic kidney disease: A pharmacokinetic study and new dosing regimen.
Anesthesiology
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Tranexamic acid is an anti-fibrinolytic agent routinely used during hip and knee joint replacement surgery to minimize bleeding. Chronic kidney disease is a common chronic health problem seen among adults requiring major arthroplasty surgery. Tranexamic acid is renally cleared and may accumulate in chronic kidney disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCotadutide reversible self-assembly based long-acting injectable depot for sustained delivery of GLP-1 glucagon receptor agonists with controlled burst release.
J Control Release
January 2025
Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA.
Cota is a lipidated dual GLP-1 and Glucagon receptor agonist that was investigated for the treatment of various metabolic diseases, it is designed for once daily subcutaneous administration. Invasive daily injections often result in poor patient compliance with chronic disease, and here, we demonstrate an innovative strategy of encapsulating reversible cota self-assembled fibers within an in-situ forming depot of low molecular weight poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (LWPLGA) for sustained delivery GLP-1 and Glucagon receptor agonist with controlled burst release. This could be a suitable alternative to other sustained delivery strategies for fibrillating peptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in aristolochic acid I-induced nephrotoxicity in mice and the effect of estradiol.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Luzhou New Drug Evaluation and Research Center, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China. Electronic address:
Aristolochic acid I (AAI), the most prominent component of aristolochic acids and found in nearly all aristolochic herbs, has been demonstrated significant nephrotoxicity. In this study, an acute nephrotoxicity model of AAI mice was established by a single dose injection of AAI. It was observed that there are differences of the sensitivity to AAI nephrotoxicity in female and male mice, with male mice exhibiting nephrotoxic effects even at lower doses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNebulized aminoglycosides for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Methodological considerations and lessons from experimental studies.
J Intensive Med
January 2025
Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona - SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Barcelona, Spain.
Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent antibiotics exerting a bactericidal effect when concentrations at the site of infection are equal to or greater than 5 times the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). When administered intravenously, they exhibit poor lung penetration and high systemic renal and ototoxicity, imposing to restrict their administration to 5 days. Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pathophysiology and Vascular Complications of Diabetes in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurosurgery, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, BRA.
The coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. T2DM is the leading cause of CKD, and CKD exacerbates diabetes-related complications, creating a bidirectional relationship driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), affecting some individuals with T2DM, accelerates progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and increases cardiovascular mortality.
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