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Epidemiological evidence has shown that the regular ingestion of vegetables and fruits is associated with reduced risk of developing chronic diseases. The introduction of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle into animal experiments has led to the use of valid, cost-effective, and efficient alternative and complementary invertebrate animal models which are simpler and lower in the phylogenetic hierarchy. Caenorhabditis elegans (C.

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This study is designed to assess the effect of root extract of P. ginseng on kidney tissue injury attributed to cisplatin and its molecular mechanism involved in this process in the AKI rat model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 experimental groups including: the control group, the cisplatin group, the extract 100 mg/kg group, and the extract 200 mg/kg group.

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A mouse model to assess immunotherapy-related colitis.

Methods Cell Biol

January 2025

Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Combined blockade of the immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma, among other tumor types. However, a proportion of patients suffer from serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In severe cases, a reduction of the doses or the complete cessation of the treatment is required, limiting the antitumor efficacy of these treatments.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is a cornerstone treatment for many cancers, but it can induce severe immunotoxicity, including acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Currently, kidney biopsy is required to differentiate ICI-AIN from other causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, this invasive approach can lead to morbidity, delayed glucocorticoid treatment for patients with AIN, and unnecessarily prolonged suspension of ICI therapy in non-AIN patients.

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Objective: One of the most severe endocrine side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is hypophysitis leading to adrenal insufficiency. Recovery is rare, although it has been reported after high-dose glucocorticoid treatment. This is the first randomised study to evaluate whether hormonal recovery differs in patients treated with high-dose glucocorticoids versus glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

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