The Endophytic Microbiome of Wild Grapevines Rupr. and Pulliat Growing in the Russian Far East.

Many grape endophytic microorganisms exhibit high potential for suppressing the development of grape diseases and stimulating grapevine growth and fitness, as well as beneficial properties of the crop. The microbiome of wild grapevines is a promising source of biocontrol agents, which can be beneficial for domesticated grapevines. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and classical microbiology techniques, we performed an analysis of bacterial and fungal endophytic communities of wild grapevines Rupr. and Pulliat growing in the Russian Far East. According to the NGS analysis, 24 and 18 bacterial taxa from the class level were present in and grapevines, respectively. Gammaproteobacteria (35%) was the predominant class of endophytic bacteria in and Alphaproteobacteria (46%) in Three taxa, namely , and were the most common bacterial genera for and . Metagenomic analysis showed the presence of 23 and 22 fungi and fungus-like taxa of class level in and , respectively. The predominant fungal classes were Dothideomycetes (61-65%) and Tremellomycetes (10-11%), while and were the most common fungal genera in and respectively. A comparative analysis of the endophytic communities of and with the previously reported endophytic communities of revealed that the bacterial biodiversity of and was similar in alpha diversity to 's bacterial biodiversity. The fungal alpha diversity of and was statistically different from that of . The beta diversity analysis of bacterial and fungal endophytes showed that samples of formed separate clusters, while samples formed a separate cluster including samples. The data revealed that the endophytic community of bacteria and fungi from wild was richer than that from grapes and cultivated grapes. Therefore, the data obtained in this work could be of high value in the search for potentially useful microorganisms for viticulture.