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The integral role of in brain function: from neurogenesis to synaptic plasticity and social behavior.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
January 2025
Laboratory of Animal Models, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that plays an essential role in the development and functionality of the central nervous system. Located on chromosome 10 in humans and chromosome 19 in mice, PTEN encodes a protein that regulates cellular processes such as division, proliferation, growth, and survival by antagonizing the PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway. In neurons, PTEN dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol‑3,4,5‑trisphosphate (PIP3) to PIP2, thereby modulating key signaling cascades involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and synaptic plasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe chromatin remodeler ADNP regulates neurodevelopmental disorder risk genes and neocortical neurogenesis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6.
Although chromatin remodelers are among the most important risk genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), the roles of these complexes during brain development are in many cases unclear. Here, we focused on the recently discovered ChAHP chromatin remodeling complex. The zinc finger and homeodomain transcription factor ADNP is a core subunit of this complex, and de novo mutations lead to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLactoferrin Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Response and Promotes the Conversion into Neuronal Lineages in the Astrocytes.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive loss of neurons and persistent inflammation. Neurons are terminally differentiated cells, and lost neurons cannot be replaced since neurogenesis is restricted to only two neurogenic niches in the adult brain, whose neurogenic potential decreases with age. In this regard, the astrocytes reprogramming into neurons may represent a promising strategy for restoring the lost neurons and rebuilding neural circuits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmicroRNA as an Important Mediator in the Regulation of Male Reproduction: Current State of the Problem.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding-Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Pushkin, Saint-Petersburg 196625, Russia.
During all periods of male ontogenesis, physiological processes responsible for the correct functioning of reproductive organs and spermatogenesis are under the influence of various factors (neuro-humoral, genetic, and paratypical). Recently, the attention of researchers has increasingly turned to the study of epigenetic factors. In scientific publications, one can increasingly find references to the direct role of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, in the processes of development and functioning of reproductive organs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeeting report about self-organization in biology: Freiburg Spemann-Mangold Centennial Symposium.
Dev Growth Differ
January 2025
Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
From September 16 to 19, 2024, an international symposium to celebrate the centennial of the discovery of the gastrula organizer by Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold, was held at the University of Freiburg, Germany, where they studied embryology. There were 41 plenary lectures, 11 short talks, and 182 poster presentations, with more than 300 participants from 23 countries. The symposium covered research topics broadly related to developmental, cell, genome, and evolutionary biology, mainly focused on early animal development.
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