Grain mold and stalk rot are among the fungal diseases that cause significant losses in sorghum worldwide and are caused by different spp. The presence of species in sorghum grains causes yield losses and mycotoxin contamination, which represents a risk to consumers. In this study, species complex (FGSC) had a high incidence, followed by species complex (FFSC) and species complex. Within FFSC, , , , , and were identified, and this was the first report of in sorghum. The most frequent toxins found in sorghum samples were deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). The presence of fumonisins and nivalenol (NIV) was detected at low levels. This study adds new knowledge about the occurrence of species and mycotoxins in sorghum grains. Furthermore, this is the first report in Uruguay on fungicide sensitivity for isolates from sorghum, which constitutes an important starting point for defining management practices to minimize fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080484 | DOI Listing |
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