Identifying Predictors of Treatment Response in Meniere's Disease: A Clinical Severity Staging System.

Objective: Identify clinically important factors associated with conservative treatment response in Meniere's disease and incorporate these factors into a composite clinical severity staging system.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Tertiary academic medical center.

Methods: Adult patients newly diagnosed with Meniere's disease between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019 were eligible. Patients with previous treatment for Meniere's disease, prior otologic surgery, or a lack of follow-up data were excluded. Treatment-responsive patients were managed with only conservative therapies (eg, dietary modifications, diuretics) and unresponsive patients underwent more intensive therapies (eg, intratympanic procedures, surgical interventions).

Results: Of 78 patients included in the study, 49 (63%) were responsive to conservative therapies and 29 (37%) were not. Responsive patients had higher proportions of no or mild vertigo (24%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1%-45.8%) and none or mild comorbidity (27%, 95% CI: 9.2%-44.7%) and a lower proportion of hearing loss (19%, 95% CI: 5.6%-32.4%) compared to unresponsive patients. Conjunctive consolidation of these 3 factors was performed to develop a three-stage system with a treatment response gradient ranging from 100% to 64% to 18% for stage 1 (n = 11), stage 2 (n = 56), and stage 3 (n = 11), respectively.

Conclusions: This study identified decreased vertigo severity, reduced comorbidity burden, and absence of hearing loss as factors associated with conservative treatment response in Meniere's disease. A composite clinical severity staging system including these 3 factors can be used to optimize treatment selection and promote patient-centered management of Meniere's disease.