Interaction between micronutrients and lipid profile in prediabetes and diabetes among school-aged children (5-9 y) in India.

Objectives: Lipids and micronutrients play a major role in the pathophysiology of diabetes, and several studies have established the association between lipids and diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the interaction between lipid profile and micronutrient status with different prediabetes and diabetes diagnosis criteria among school-aged children in India.

Methods: The data used in this study was from Comprehensive National Nutritional Survey conducted in India from 2016 to 2018. Glycosylated hemoglobin values and fasting blood glucose were used to classify normal, prediabetes, and diabetes. The interaction analysis between the lipid profile and eight micronutrients was conducted using multiple logistic regression analyses, and the predicted probabilities were determined.

Results: Among micronutrients, the highest deficiency was observed for hemoglobin (27%), and in the lipid profile, triacylglycerol was high in 34% of children. The interaction between high total cholesterol and vitamin B deficiency showed the highest average probability for prediabetes (66%). The highest average probability for diabetes was observed from the interaction between normal high-density lipoprotein and vitamin A deficiency (3%).

Conclusion: The interaction between micronutrients and lipids suggests complex multidimensional pathways involving folate, vitamin B, ferritin, zinc, hemoglobin, and iodine deficiencies. These interactions should be considered when planning diabetes management strategies.