Patient information materials often tend to be written at a reading level that is too advanced for patients. In this proof-of-concept study, we used ChatGPT and Google Bard to reduce the reading level of three selected patient information sections from scientific journals. ChatGPT successfully improved readability. However, it could not achieve the recommended 6th-grade reading level. Bard reached the reading level of 6th graders but oversimplified the texts by omitting up to 83% of the content. Despite the present limitations, developers of patient information are encouraged to employ large language models, preferably ChatGPT, to optimize their materials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjcn/zvad087 | DOI Listing |
J Speech Lang Hear Res
January 2025
Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otolaryngology, Munich University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Munich University (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität), Germany.
Purpose: This study explores the effects of water intake and a hyaluronic acid (HA)-containing lozenge on acoustic measurements and vocal oscillation patterns investigated after a vocal loading test (VLT).
Method: Ten healthy subjects (five females, five males) read out loud a standardized text for 10 min at a target level of 80 dB(A), measured 30 cm from the mouth, under three conditions but each after fasting for 2 hr: (a) drinking 0.7 l of water, (b) sucking an HA-containing lozenge, and (c) neither of both before the VLT.
Cornea
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
Purpose: To present 4 family members with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD), nonkeratoconic steep corneas, and myopia caused by a previously unknown genetic alteration in the ZEB1 gene.
Methods: Ophthalmic examinations and corneal curvature analyses were performed for all patients. Whole-exome targeted gene panel sequencing was performed for 1 patient.
The COVID-19 pandemic instigated changes in almost all aspects of youth's life. While numerous studies have been implemented to understand how these changes are related to youth's development, few concerned large representative samples. This study introduces the methodology and initial results of the Quebec (Canada) Resilience Project (QRP), a representative longitudinal study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
January 2025
Beijing Key Lab of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
The naturalistic paradigm and analytical methods present new approaches that are particularly suitable for research concentrating on narrative reading development. We analyzed fMRI data from 44 adults and 42 children engaged in story reading using time-locked inter-subject correlation (ISC), inter-subject representation similarity analysis (IS-RSA), and inter-subject functional correlation (ISFC). The ISC results indicated that for both children and adults, narrative reading recruited not only traditional reading areas but also regions that are sensitive to long-time-scale information, such as the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which increased involvement from children to adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eye Mov Res
November 2024
School of Literature and Journalism Sichuan University, China.
The theory of expertise suggests that there should be observable differences in the eye movement patterns between experts and non-experts. Previous studies have investigated how expertise influences eye movement patterns during cognitive tasks like reading. However, the impact of expertise on eye movements in comics, a multimodal form of text, remains unexplored.
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