Investigation of Beclin 1 and TNF-α expressions in preeclampsia placentas: Immunohistochemical study.

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication Aim of this study was to investigate expression of Beclin1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in normotensive and preeclamptic placentas of pregnant women patients.

Methods: Twenty normotensive and 20 preeclamptic patients placentas were dissected for paraffin- wax processing. Placental samples were embedded in parafin blocks. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and TNF-α and Beclin1 immunostaining.

Results: In control group, root and floating villi were normal in histological perspectives, syncytial node number was low, vessels were normal with connective tissue. No hemorrhage was observed in the intervillous area. In preeclampsia group, decidual cell degeneration and fibrinoid accumulation increased. Vascular dilatation and congestion with mononuclear cell infiltration were observed. Beclin1 reaction was generally negative in control group. In preeclampsia group, Beclin1 reaction was increased in decidual cells, syncytial nodes and bridges and in chorionic villi and in some Hoffbauer cells. In control group, TNF-α expression was mainly negative but only in some decidual cells. In preeclampsia, TNF-α reaction was observed in degenerated decidua cells, in leukocytes and in villi.

Conclusion: In preeclampsia placentas, degenerated decidua cells and inflammation increased. It was thought that Beclin1 and TNF-α signals could be used as a marker in affecting the fetal structure of blood flow in preeclamptic placentas.