Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA.
Published: August 2023
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize altered gut microbiota triggering an immune response. These responses play a critical role in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is characterized by inflammation of the intestinal tracts as in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, one challenge in determining the role of a specific TLR in IBD and its underlying mechanism is disparity. Variance in age, gender, race, and ethnicity shows a dramatic difference in the disease incidence, severity, and response to treatment. Delineating the role of TLRs in IBD relies on both a knockout mouse and a disease model. Here, we describe a detailed protocol on how to use nearly identical genetic backgrounds of TLR wild-type and knockout littermate mice in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model.
Background: As the primary organ of metabolism and detoxification, the liver may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. We aimed to illuminate the intricate link between liver function biomarkers and lung cancer risk, as well as delineate the role of smoking behavior within this association.
Methods: We investigated the associations of seven liver function biomarkers levels (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], alanine transaminase [ALT], total bilirubin [TBIL], albumin [ALB], gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], aspartate transaminase [AST], and total protein [TP]) with lung cancer risk across the UK Biobank (N = 337 499) through restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazards models.
To manage risks and mitigate the transmission of infectious diseases, individuals often adopt strategies aimed at reducing interpersonal contact by implementing precautionary measures within their daily routines. These behavioral adjustments reduce the disease transmission rates. In this study, we present a novel mathematical model delineating diseases induced by carriers, incorporating multifaceted factors, such as psychological fear, media impact, and sanitation interventions.
β-Glucosidase plays a pivotal role in transforming ginsenosides into specific minor ginsenosides. In this study, total ginsenosides from Panax notoginseng leaves were used as substrates to stimulate the growth of Aspergillus niger NG1306. Transcriptome analysis identified a β-glucosidase gene, Anglu04478 (1455 bp, 484 amino acids, 54.
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Translational Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada; Rheumatology Clinic, Kingston Health Science Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
Introduction: Joint tissues affected by inflammatory arthritis (IA) create hypoxic microenvironments that sustain the inflammatory response. Although targeting molecules in hypoxia-induced pathways has provided valuable insights into potential novel therapies for various types of IA, progress remains preclinical, and no clinical trials have been conducted for IA.
Methods: A literature search was conducted to create a narrative review exploring the role of hypoxia and its signaling pathways in IA pathogenesis, as well as the potential and future directions for IA therapies that target hypoxia-induced molecules before moving forward to clinical applications.
Liver fibrosis represents a reversible pathophysiological process, caused by chronic inflammation stemming from hepatocyte damage. It delineates the initial stage in the progression of chronic liver disease. This pathological progression is characterized by the excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which leads to significant structural disruption and ultimately impairs liver function.
