Hematologic malignancy is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults; however, data specific to children with leukemia are limited. High-quality infectious adverse event data from the ongoing Children's Oncology Group (COG) standard-risk B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL/LLy) trial, AALL1731, were analyzed to provide a disease-specific estimate of SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes in pediatric ALL. Of 253 patients with reported infections, the majority (77.1%) were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (CTCAE grade 1/2) and there was a single COVID-19-related death. These data suggest SARS-CoV-2 infection does not confer substantial morbidity among young patients with B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL/LLy).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jha2.697 | DOI Listing |
Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol
October 2024
Aarhus University Hospital, Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Background And Purpose: Radiotherapy for paediatric posterior fossa tumours may cause complications in the brainstem and upper spinal cord due to high doses. With proton therapy (PT) this risk may increase due to higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) from elevated linear energy transfer (LET). This study assesses variations in LET in the brainstem and spinal cord in proton treatment plans from European centres.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuroasian J Hepatogastroenterol
December 2024
Department of Oncology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Background And Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, limiting their treatment options. The traditional assessment of liver function using the Child-Pugh score has limitations due to its subjectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMIA Open
February 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, United States.
Objective: To evaluate large language models (LLMs) for pre-test diagnostic probability estimation and compare their uncertainty estimation performance with a traditional machine learning classifier.
Materials And Methods: We assessed 2 instruction-tuned LLMs, Mistral-7B-Instruct and Llama3-70B-chat-hf, on predicting binary outcomes for Sepsis, Arrhythmia, and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) using electronic health record (EHR) data from 660 patients. Three uncertainty estimation methods-Verbalized Confidence, Token Logits, and LLM Embedding+XGB-were compared against an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) classifier trained on raw EHR data.
J Orthop Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Introduction: Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. It is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and accounts for up to 15% of all pediatric cancer fatalities. The manifestation of neuroblastoma is variable depending on the location of the tumor and the presence or absence of paraneoplastic syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Radiat Oncol
March 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Background And Purpose: Radiotherapy for brain, head & neck (HN), and skull base (SB) tumors may deliver significant radiation dose to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA), leading to impaired functioning of this region and hence, to endocrine disorders. The purpose of this systematic review and -analysis is to investigate literature on HP dysfunction after radiation for non-pituitary brain, HN, or SB tumors at adult age, aiming to give insight in the prevalence of HP dysfunction related to radiation dose.
Materials And Methods: Literature search of the PubMed database was performed for HP dysfunction after radiotherapy in adult patients.
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