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Integrating Interpretability in Machine Learning and Deep Neural Networks: A Novel Approach to Feature Importance and Outlier Detection in COVID-19 Symptomatology and Vaccine Efficacy.
Viruses
November 2024
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
In this study, we introduce a novel approach that integrates interpretability techniques from both traditional machine learning (ML) and deep neural networks (DNN) to quantify feature importance using global and local interpretation methods. Our method bridges the gap between interpretable ML models and powerful deep learning (DL) architectures, providing comprehensive insights into the key drivers behind model predictions, especially in detecting outliers within medical data. We applied this method to analyze COVID-19 pandemic data from 2020, yielding intriguing insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvances in Vaccine Adjuvants for Teleost Fish: Implications for Aquatic Welfare and the Potential of Nanoparticle-Based Formulations.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Laboratory of Anatomy & Physiology of Farm Animals, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Vaccine adjuvants are crucial for reinforcing the immunogenicity of vaccines. Therefore, they are widely used in the aquaculture sector as vaccine components, facilitating the efficient prevention of infectious diseases and promoting sustainable teleost fish growth. Despite their benefits, there has been a growing concern about the potential adverse effects of vaccine adjuvants in teleost fish, connoting a valid impact on their overall health and welfare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine Strategies Against RNA Viruses: Current Advances and Future Directions.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
The development of vaccines against RNA viruses has undergone a rapid evolution in recent years, particularly driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review examines the key roles that RNA viruses, with their high mutation rates and zoonotic potential, play in fostering vaccine innovation. We also discuss both traditional and modern vaccine platforms and the impact of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, on optimizing immunization strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancements in Nanoparticle-Based Adjuvants for Enhanced Tuberculosis Vaccination: A Review.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of more effective vaccines. Nanoparticle-based adjuvants represent a promising approach to enhancing tuberculosis vaccine efficacy. This review focuses on the advantages of nanoparticulate-loaded vaccines, emphasizing their ability to improve antigen delivery, safety, and immunogenicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.
Localization accuracy in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios is often hindered by the complex nature of multipath propagation. Traditional approaches typically focus on NLOS node identification and error mitigation techniques. However, the intricacies of NLOS localization are intrinsically tied to propagation challenges.
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