The Science of the total environment

1879-10269022023Dec01The Science of the total environmentSci Total EnvironYoung people exposure to antibiotics: Implication for health risk and the impact from eating habits of takeaway food.16637716637710.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166377S0048-9697(23)05002-7Exposure to antibiotics, mainly from animal food ingestion, may have adverse effects on human health. Takeaway food is the preferred choice for the dietary of most Chinese young people nowadays, but the relationship between takeaway eating and antibiotic exposure is not yet adequately understood. In the present study, 297 young people were recruited to collect urine samples and questionnaires with an emphasis on their takeaway eating habits. The internal exposure to 16 antibiotics and three metabolites was measured in urine samples by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, as well as a DNA oxidative damage marker, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). At least one kind of antibiotic was found in over 90 % of urine samples, with total concentrations from 0.667 to 3.02 × 10⁴ ng/mL. High exposure levels of antibiotics were more likely to be found in individuals with a larger body mass index. The concentrations of six antibiotics were significantly different among people with different overall weekly eating frequencies, usually an upward trend. The estimated daily intakes of antibiotics were on the levels of 0.001-1.0 μg/kg/day, mainly contributed by clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline, indicating a potential health risk based on the microbiological effect. A significantly positive correlation was found between DNA oxidative damage and exposure for four categories of antibiotics, conformed by both Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The levels of 8-OHdG were 355 %, 239 %, 234 %, and 334 % higher with elevated levels of phenicols, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides from quartiles 2 to 4. Our results suggest that high-frequency consumption of takeaways may exacerbate oxidative stress trends through human exposure to antibiotics.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.YangHaoHGuangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.YeDong-MinDMGuangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.LinZe-ZhaoZZGuangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.LinXiao-YaXYSanya Woman and Children's Hospital, Sanya 572022, China.YuanJia-JunJJSanya Woman and Children's Hospital, Sanya 572022, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Electronic address: y680317@163.com.GuoYingYGuangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China. Electronic address: yingguo2004@jnu.edu.cn.engJournal Article20230817