Posttraumatic stress symptoms in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A four-wave longitudinal study.

Psychiatry Res

Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:

Published: September 2023

Background: Posttraumatic stress symptoms of healthcare workers have become a significant public concern in the healthcare system that have long COVID-19. It is less known how the pandemic impacts the HCWs' PTSS longitudinally and long-term risk factors for it.

Methods: Four consecutive surveys were conducted among healthcare workers in China from 2019 to 2023 COVID-19 outbreaks. Multilevel mixed-effect models were used to examine longitudinal changes and risk factors. Network analysis was utilized to explore network centrality changes in PTSS symptoms.

Results: HCWs' PTSS symptoms were increased over time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being female, being nurse, working in the emergency department, working longer hours, less frequently going back home and having COVID-19 infection are risk factors of PTSS for HCWs; unmarried is the protective factor. Significant interaction between symptom changes and profession exists. PTSS networks showed that Avoidance of thoughts, Emotional-cue activity, Exaggerated startle response and Hypervigilance were the central symptoms during four waves. The global strength of the PTSS network grows over time, and nodal strength of Avoidance of thoughts, Loss of interest and Negative beliefs increased by COVID-19.

Conclusion: The pandemic's impacts on healthcare workers vary by professions. PTSS symptoms exacerbate, reinforce each other, and persists with recurring waves.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115406DOI Listing

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