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Light-Driven Electron Uptake from Nonfermentative Organic Matter to Expedite Nitrogen Dissimilation by Chemolithotrophic Anammox Consortia. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Nonphotosynthetic microorganisms, while unable to use light energy directly, can have their metabolic pathways influenced by light through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • A study on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) showed that high-intensity light (>20,000 lx) inhibited anammox activity, while low light (200 lx) unexpectedly promoted nitrogen conversion, particularly due to ultraviolet light.
  • Metagenomic analyses indicated that under low light, the expression of cytochrome peroxidase increased, which facilitated electron uptake and enhanced the nitrogen dissimilation process in anammox bacteria, suggesting potential ecological significance.

Article Abstract

Nonphotosynthetic microorganisms are typically unable to directly utilize light energy, but light might change the metabolic pathway of these bacteria indirectly by forming intermediates such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). This work investigated the role of light on nitrogen conversion by anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) consortia. The results showed that high intensity light (>20000 lx) caused . 50% inhibition of anammox activity, and total ROS reached 167% at 60,000 lx. Surprisingly, 200 lx light was found to induce unexpected promotion of the nitrogen conversion rate, and ultraviolet light (<420 nm) was identified as the main contributor. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses revealed that the gene encoding cytochrome peroxidase was highly expressed only under 200 lx light. N isotope tracing, gene abundance quantification, and external HO addition experiments showed that photoinduced trace HO triggered cytochrome peroxidase expression to take up electrons from extracellular nonfermentative organics to synthesize NADH and ATP, thereby expediting nitrogen dissimulation of anammox consortia. External supplying reduced humic acid into a low-intensity light exposure system would result in a maximal 1.7-fold increase in the nitrogen conversion rate. These interesting findings may provide insight into the niche differentiation and widespread nature of anammox bacteria in natural ecotopes.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c04160DOI Listing

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