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Genotype diversity of brucellosis agents isolated from humans and animals in Greece based on whole-genome sequencing. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Brucellosis, caused by Brucella spp., is a disease prevalent in Greece, but cases are likely under-reported, and there's limited knowledge about the genetic diversity of the bacteria.
  • - Researchers sequenced the genomes of 44 Brucella isolates from humans and animals in Greece, revealing various sublineages, including a novel subgenotype linked to Greek strains, with most isolates believed to have local origins.
  • - The study highlights the presence of multiple persistent Brucella foci in Greece and emphasizes the need for improved sampling efforts to better track and understand outbreaks of the disease.

Article Abstract

Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease whose causative agent, Brucella spp., is endemic in many countries of the Mediterranean basin, including Greece. Although the occurrence of brucellosis must be reported to the authorities, it is believed that the disease is under-reported in Greece, and knowledge about the genomic diversity of brucellae is lacking.

Methods: Thus, 44 Brucella isolates, primarily B. melitensis, collected between 1999 and 2009 from humans and small ruminants in Greece were subjected to whole genome sequencing using short-read technology. The raw reads and assembled genomes were used for in silico genotyping based on single nucleotide substitutions and alleles. Further, specific genomic regions encoding putative virulence genes were screened for characteristic nucleotide changes, which arose in different genotype lineages.

Results: In silico genotyping revealed that the isolates belonged to three of the known sublineages of the East Mediterranean genotype. In addition, a novel subgenotype was identified that was basal to the other East Mediterranean sublineages, comprising two Greek strains. The majority of the isolates can be assumed to be of endemic origin, as they were clustered with strains from the Western Balkans or Turkey, whereas one strain of human origin could be associated with travel to another endemic region, e.g. Portugal. Further, nucleotide substitutions in the housekeeping gene rpoB and virulence-associated genes were detected, which were characteristic of the different subgenotypes. One of the isolates originating from an aborted bovine foetus was identified as B. abortus vaccine strain RB51.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate the existence of several distinct persistent Brucella sp. foci in Greece. To detect these and for tracing infection chains, extensive sampling initiatives are required.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426126PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08518-zDOI Listing

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