The content of total phospholipids, the level of cholesterol and individual phospholipids and the activity of basal as well as of NaF-stimulated adenylate cyclase (AC) (EC 4.6.1.1.) in plasma membranes of the rat liver are studied at the initial stages of nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Already by the 2nd week a substantial increase in the phospholipid content and a decrease in the cholesterol content are observed. By the 4th week of the experiment the cholesterol content is normalized. In this period the phospholipid content increases sharply and the basal and NaF-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity lowers significantly as compared with the normal level. In the process of hepatocarcinogenesis changes in individual phospholipids and particularly in phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin are observed.
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Histol Histopathol
January 2025
Institute of Anorectal Diseases, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, PR China.
Slow transit constipation (STC) is a colonic motor disorder characterized by a marked delay in the movement of substances through the colon. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a treasure trove of natural compounds, which is effective in treating constipation with relatively minor side effects. Zengye decoction (ZYD), a classic herbal formula in TCM, is used for moistening the intestines and relieving constipation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia.
The approaches to correct thyroid deficiency include replacement therapy with thyroid hormones (THs), but such therapy causes a number of side effects. A possible alternative is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor activators, including allosteric agonists. The aim of this work was to study the effect of ethyl-2-(4-(4-(5-amino-6-(-butylcarbamoyl)-2-(methylthio)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl)--1,2,3-triazol-1-yl) acetate (TPY3m), a TSH receptor allosteric agonist developed by us, on basal and thyroliberin (TRH)-stimulated TH levels and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in male rats with high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, Plock, Poland.
Chronic migraine (CM) is the ultimate and most burdensome form of the transformation from episodic migraine (EM), called chronification. The mechanism behind migraine chronification is poorly known and difficult to explore as CM has the same spectrum of pathogenesis as EM and the EM-CM transition is bidirectional. Central sensitization (CS) is a key phenomenon in migraine: its mechanisms include disturbed neural plasticity, which is the ability of the nervous system to adapt to endo- and exogenous changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Chem Biol
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.
OaPAC, the photoactivated adenylyl cyclase from , is composed of a blue light using FAD (BLUF) domain fused to an adenylate cyclase (AC) domain. Since both the BLUF and AC domains are part of the same protein, OaPAC is a model for understanding how the ultrafast modulation of the chromophore binding pocket caused by photoexcitation results in the activation of the output domain on the μs-s time scale. In the present work, we use unnatural amino acid mutagenesis to identify specific sites in the protein that are involved in transducing the signal from the FAD binding site to the ATP binding site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunction (Oxf)
January 2025
Institute for Integrative Physiology, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 60637, USA.
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). OSA patients and CIH-treated rodents exhibit overactive sympathetic nervous system and hypertension, mediated through hyperactive carotid body (CB) chemoreflex. Activation of olfactory receptor 78 (Olfr78) by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is implicated in CB activation and sympathetic nerve responses to CIH, but the downstream signaling pathways remain unknown.
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