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Facilitation of Tumor Stroma-Targeted Therapy: Model Difficulty and Co-Culture Organoid Method.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
Tumors, as intricate ecosystems, comprise oncocytes and the highly dynamic tumor stroma. Tumor stroma, representing the non-cancerous and non-cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME), plays a crucial role in oncogenesis and progression, through its interactions with biological, chemical, and mechanical signals. This review aims to analyze the challenges of stroma mimicry models, and highlight advanced personalized co-culture approaches for recapitulating tumor stroma using patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThermal Melanism in (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae).
Insects
January 2025
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44 Praha, Czech Republic.
Thermal polymorphism, usually represented by thermal melanism (darker coloration in cooler habitats), is a well-known phenomenon in animals. In Cetoniinae, several species in captivity tend to become darker after several generations of breeding, which is probably caused by a lower temperature than is typical for their native habitats. is a beetle species occurring in Somaliland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Insect Effector Mimics Its Host Immune Regulator to Undermine Plant Immunity.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
Plants activate defense machinery when infested by herbivorous insects but avoid such costs in the absence of herbivory. However, the key signaling pathway regulators underlying such flexibility and the mechanisms that insects exploit these components to disarm plant defense systems remain elusive. Here, it is reported that immune repressor 14-3-3e in rice Oryza sativa (OsGF14e) regulates immune homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes Clostridium Perfringens Epsilon Toxin Mimic an Auto-Antigen Involved in Multiple Sclerosis?
Toxins (Basel)
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Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2001 INSERM U1306, 75015 Paris, France.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated neurological disorder, characterized by progressive demyelination and neuronal cell loss in the central nervous system. Many possible causes of MS have been proposed, including genetic factors, environmental triggers, and infectious agents. Recently, epsilon toxin (ETX) has been incriminated in MS, based initially on the isolation of the bacteria from a MS patient, combined with an immunoreactivity to ETX.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-Idiotypic Antibody as a Booster Vaccine Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus.
Vaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children and adults. With nearly everyone infected by the age of five, there is an opportunity to develop booster vaccines that enhance B-cell immunity, promoting potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies. One potential approach involves using anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-IDs) to mimic specific antigenic sites and enhance preexisting immunity in an epitope-specific manner.
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