Adjuvants are the important part of vaccine manufacturing as they elicit the vaccination effect and enhance the durability of the immune response through controlled release. In light of this, nanoadjuvants have shown unique broad spectrum advantages. As nanoparticles (NPs) based vaccines are fast-acting and better in terms of safety and usability parameters as compared to traditional vaccines, they have attracted the attention of researchers. A vaccine nanocarrier is another interesting and promising area for the development of next-generation vaccines for prophylaxis. This review looks at the various nanoadjuvants and their structure-function relationships. It compiles the state-of-art literature on numerous nanoadjuvants to help domain researchers orient their understanding and extend their endeavors in vaccines research and development.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10413842 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c02030 | DOI Listing |
Bioconjug Chem
December 2024
Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.
Heliyon
October 2024
Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China.
The development of effective cancer treatments is a popular in contemporary medical research. Immunotherapy, the fourth most common cancer treatment method, relies on activating autoimmune function to eradicate tumors and exhibits advantages such as a good curative effect and few side effects. In recent years, tumor vaccines that activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway are being actively researched in the field of immunotherapy; however, their application is still limited because of the rapid clearance rate of tumor-related lymph nodes and low efficiency of antigen presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomedicine
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address:
Nanomedicine
November 2024
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine; Lectinotest R&D, Lviv, Ukraine. Electronic address:
Neutrophils are essential for innate immunity, using mechanisms like Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) formation to fight pathogens. Aggregated NETs (aggNETs) help resolve inflammation by cleaving pro-inflammatory cytokines, while scattered NETs can exacerbate inflammation, leading to tissue damage. Co-injection of 10 nm nanodiamonds (ND10) with peptide antigens boosts immune responses, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity, due to transient immune responses induced by aggNETs around ND10 particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
October 2024
Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Cummings Life Science Center 920 E 58th St., Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Cationic vaccines of nanometric sizes can directly perform the delivery of antigen(s) and immunomodulator(s) to dendritic cells in the lymph nodes. The positively charged nanovaccines are taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the lymphatic system often originating the cellular immunological defense required to fight intracellular microbial infections and the proliferation of cancers. Cationic molecules imparting the positive charges to nanovaccines exhibit a dose-dependent toxicity which needs to be systematically addressed.
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