AI Article Synopsis
- This study looked at how the demographics around skilled nursing facilities in the U.S. impacted Covid-19 case counts and deaths among residents and staff.
- During the initial 6 months of the pandemic, facilities with higher percentages of Black or Latino residents saw more Covid-19 cases and deaths, but this trend lessened in the following 24 months.
- The findings highlight significant health disparities related to socio-spatial factors and suggest that effective safety measures in these facilities may have played a role in reducing disparities over time.
Article Abstract
Background: This study investigated whether socio-spatial factors surrounding United States skilled nursing facilities related to Covid-19 case counts among residents, staff, and facility personnel and deaths among residents.
Methods: With data on 12,403 United States skilled nursing facilities and Census data we estimated multilevel models to assess relationships between facility and surrounding area characteristics from June 2020 to September 2022 for cumulative resident and facility personnel case counts and resident deaths.
Results: Facilities with more Black or Latino residents experienced more cases incident rate ratios (IRR = 1.005; 1.004) and deaths (IRR = 1.008) among residents during the first 6 months of the pandemic but were no different thereafter. Facilities with more racial and ethnic heterogeneity and percent Black or Latino in the surrounding buffer experienced more Covid-19 cases and deaths in the first 6 months, but no such differences were observed in the subsequent 24 months. Facilities surrounded by higher percent Latino consistently experienced more cases among staff and facility personnel over the study period (IRR = 1.006; 1.001).
Conclusions: Findings indicated socio-spatial health disparities in cases among residents, staff, and facility personnel in the first 6 months of the pandemic, with some disparities fading thereafter. This pattern likely suggests the importance of the adoption and adherence to pandemic-related safety measures in skilled nursing facilities nationwide.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2023.07.008 | DOI Listing |
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