The "Electronic Pediatrician (EPed®)" - A clinically tested prototype software for computer-assisted pathophysiologic diagnosis and treatment of ill children.

Background: Knowledge-based systems (KBS) are software applications based on a knowledge base and an inference engine. Various experimental KBS for computer-assisted medical diagnosis (CAMD) and treatment were started to be used since 70 s (VisualDx, GIDEON, DXPlain, CADUCEUS, Internist-I, Mycin etc).

Objectives: This article briefly presents and tests the "Electronic Pediatrician (EPed)", a prototype medical user-interface-based stand-alone KBS software created by the author (in Romanian language) that offers both a computer-assisted pathophysiologic diagnosis and treatment of ill children. EPed currently covers the most frequent (and mainly infectious) respiratory, digestive, renal and central nervous system pediatric diseases treated in the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DPID) of the County Emergency Hospital of Târgoviște town (Dâmbovița County, Romania).

Methods: EPed uses a new type of pathophysiologically-based diagnosis algorithm, which combines the relative incidences of diseases and the degree of covering any clinical picture of any patient. EPed was tested by a retrospective study in which the author has chosen 34 clinical child cases diagnosed and treated in DPID in the period of pandemics. The diagnoses predicted by EPed for each tested patient in part was compared to the diagnoses established by the clinician for each patient, so that to test the diagnostic accuracy of EPed.

Results: The real diagnoses of the 34 children tested were found to occupy an average list-index of 12 (varying from 1 to 57) in the lists of EPed-predicted diagnoses for each case in part (based on the clinical and paraclinical signs inputs), which is considered an acceptable result for a demo version.

Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of EPed was acceptable and is perfectible in the future by using other formulas of scoring which combine the relative incidences of diseases and the degree of covering the clinical picture of a patient. EPed is the first pathophysiologically-based KBS focused on general pediatrics (mainly on pediatric infectious diseases) written in Romanian.