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Exploiting venom toxins in paratransgenesis to prevent mosquito-borne disease.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of numerous pathogens, including Plasmodium parasites, arboviruses and filarial worms. They pose a significant risk to public health with over 200 million cases of malaria per annum and approximately 4 billion people at risk of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). Mosquito populations are geographically expanding into temperate regions and their distribution is predicted to continue increasing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic Control of Hyperuricemia and Gout by Gene Writer DNMT1 and RNA Editor ADAR1: Mechanism of Gout and Amyloid Dissolution in Down Syndrome.
Biochem Genet
January 2025
Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Although DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and RNA editor ADAR triplications exist in Down syndrome (DS), their specific roles remain unclear. DNMT methylates DNA, yielding S-adenosine homocysteine (SAH), subsequently converted to homocysteine (Hcy) and adenosine by S-adenosine homocysteine (Hcy) hydrolase (SAHH). ADAR converts adenosine to inosine and uric acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic accuracy of ultra-low-dose chest CT vs chest X-ray for acute non-traumatic pulmonary diseases.
Eur Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ULDCT to CXR for detecting non-traumatic pulmonary diseases at the emergency department (ED) and to study diagnostic confidence levels.
Methods: Secondary analysis of the prospective OPTIMACT trial (2418 ED participants randomly allocated to ULDCT or CXR). Diagnoses at imaging at the ED were compared to the reference diagnosis on day 28.
Comparison of mNGS with conventional methods for diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis: a retrospective study.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis is relatively under characterized. Here, we retrospectively evaluated data from cryptococcal meningitis patients who were tested using mNGS and/or routine testing, including fungal culture, India ink staining, and cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) testing. The performance of mNGS was then assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNear-infrared spectroscopy discriminates mass-reared sterile and wild tsetse flies.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Background: Monitoring the efficacy of the sterile insect technique (SIT) programs, it is desirable to discriminate between wild and sterile tsetse males captured in monitoring traps. Currently, this is primarily achieved by marking sterile males with fluorescent dye powder before release, and identifying them using a fluorescence camera and/or microscope. However, the accuracy of this method is limited due to defective marking and wild flies contaminated with a few dye particles in the monitoring traps.
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