Azinothricin was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. X-14950 in crystalline form. It represents a new type of hexadepsipeptide antibiotic as it contains a 19-membered cyclodepsipeptide ring composed of six unusual amino acids and bearing a novel C21 side chain. Azinothricin was identified as [(3S,4S,7R(S*),10S,17R,20S,23R)[2S(2'R*,5'S*, 6'S*)3S*]]-alpha-ethyl-6-(3-ethyl-1, 5-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,5-heptadienyl)- N-(1,8, 14,15,18,21,27-heptaaza-21-hydroxy-7-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,6,9,16,19, 22-hexaoxo-4-isopropyl-20-(methoxy-methyl)-17,18-dimethyl-5-oxa tricyclo [21.4.0.0(10,15)]heptacosan-3-yl)tetrahydro-alpha, 2-dihydroxy-5-methyl-2H-pyran-2-acetamide and is primarily active against Gram-positive microorganisms.
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