Rituximab induces a transient fluctuation of peripheral and follicular helper T cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

J Neuroimmunol

Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Center of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Published: September 2023

Autoreactive CD4 helper T cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Both PD-1CXCR5CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and PD-1CXCR5CD4 T peripheral helper (Tph) cells can contribute to B-cell immune responses and the production of antibodies. Here we show the effect of B-cell depletion with rituximab on the homeostasis of Tfh cells, Tph cells and their subsets in patients with NMOSD. After rituximab treatment, total Tph cells, total Tfh cells, Tph17 cells, Tph17.1 cells, Tph1 cells, and Tfh1 cells tended to decrease at month 1, but gradually increased at month 6 and restored at month 12. Besides, Tph17.1 cells and Tfh17.1 cells were correlated with the proportion of CD19 antibody-secreting cells. Our data suggest that rituximab induced a fluctuation of proinflammatory Tph and Tfh subsets within one year after initiation of the treatment.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578167DOI Listing

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