A novel hierarchically nanostructured magnetite (FeO) was manufactured using microwave-assisted reflux method without surfactants. The nanostructured FeO is formed via the co-precipitation of Fe(III) and Fe(II), followed by a nanocrystal aggregation-based mechanism. Moreover, the effects of solution pH, contact time, initial Sb concentration, coexisting anions, and recycle numbers on the adsorption of nanostructured FeO toward Sb were extensively examined in the batch adsorption tests. The results demonstrated that the obtained FeO exhibited excellent adsorption ability toward Sb with the maximum adsorption capacities of 154.2 and 161.1 mg.g for Sb(III) and Sb(V), respectively. The prepared FeO could be easily regenerated and reused for adsorption/desorption studies multiple times without compromising the Sb adsorption ability. Further exploration indicated that the oxidation or reduction reactions infrequently occurred during Sb adsorption processes. The proposed hierarchically nanostructured FeO thus could be potentially used for sustainable and efficient antimony removal.
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