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One of the biggest challenges for a more widespread utilization of plant fibers is to better understand the different molecular factors underlying the variability in fineness and mechanical properties of both elementary and scutched fibers. Accordingly, we analyzed genome-wide transcription profiling from bast fiber bearing tissues of seven different flax varieties (4 spring, 2 winter fiber varieties and 1 winter linseed) and identified 1041 differentially expressed genes between varieties, of which 97 were related to cell wall metabolism. KEGG analysis highlighted a number of different enriched pathways. Subsequent statistical analysis using Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis showed that 73% of the total variance was explained by the first 3 X-variates corresponding to 56 differentially expressed genes. Calculation of Pearson correlations identified 5 genes showing a strong correlation between expression and morphometric data. Two-dimensional gel proteomic analysis on the two varieties showing the most discriminant and significant differences in morphometrics revealed 1490 protein spots of which 108 showed significant differential abundance. Mass spectrometry analysis successfully identified 46 proteins representing 32 non-redundant proteins. Statistical clusterization based on the expression level of genes corresponding to the 32 proteins showed clear discrimination into three separate clusters, reflecting the variety type (spring-/winter-fiber/oil). Four of the 32 proteins were also highly correlated with morphometric features. Examination of predicted functions for the 9 (5 + 4) identified genes highlighted lipid metabolism and senescence process. Calculation of Pearson correlation coefficients between expression data and retted fiber mechanical measurements (strength and maximum force) identified 3 significantly correlated genes. The genes were predicted to be connected to cell wall dynamics, either directly (Expansin-like protein), or indirectly (NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein). Taken together, our results have allowed the identification of molecular actors potentially associated with the determination of both fiber morphometrics, as well as fiber mechanical properties, both of which are key parameters for elementary fiber and scutched fiber quality in flax.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1204016 | DOI Listing |
J Chem Theory Comput
December 2024
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France.
Electronic polarization and dispersion are decisive actors in determining interaction energies between molecules. These interactions have a particularly profound effect on excitation energies of molecules in complex environments, especially when the excitation involves a significant degree of charge reorganization. The direct reaction field (DRF) approach, which has seen a recent revival of interest, provides a powerful framework for describing these interactions in quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) models of systems, where a small subsystem of interest is described using quantum chemical methods and the remainder is treated with a simple MM force field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Methods Protoc
December 2024
Department of Life and Health Sciences, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), F-33615, Pessac, France.
The main objective of the ZebraCool programme was to create a positive attitude and curiosity towards science by bringing experimental activities within schools using an introductory cognitive and sensory approach. This innovative programme was offered at all levels of primary and secondary education including vocational high schools. Thematic workshops can be carried out on various themes such as comparative anatomy and embryology, molecular biology and evolution, or toxicology and endocrine disruptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstr. 62, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
Mutations in the mitochondrial enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) cause propionic aciduria (PA). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known long-term complication. However, good metabolic control and standard therapy fail to prevent CKD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReprod Domest Anim
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Lipids in cumulus-oocyte complexes are important actors in molecular signalling pathways and are influenced by maturation conditions. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) is a carrier involved in fatty acid transport and is a promoter of β-oxidation. Although the embryonic development potential of oocytes can be improved when ALC is added to the maturation medium, the effects of ALC on the lipid content and composition of oocytes and cumulus cells remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Evol
December 2024
Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France.
Regeneration, the ability to restore body parts after injury, is widespread in metazoans; however, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown, and its evolutionary history is consequently unresolved. Recently, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have been shown in several metazoan models to be triggers of apoptosis and cell proliferation that drive regenerative success. However, it is not known whether the contribution of ROS to regeneration relies on conserved mechanisms.
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