Purpose Of Review: This review aims to deliver expert insights on the current advances and challenges in managing malnutrition in aged care settings, with a specific emphasis on the interaction between dysphagia and diet.
Recent Findings: Several reviews identify the high prevalence of dysphagia in aged care facilities and highlight the correlation between dysphagia and malnutrition. Recent studies underscore the importance of nutrition and cancer screening and assessment, yet highlight the lack of consensus on the definitive tools to be used. There is a growth in employing innovative implementations for enhancing swallowing function and optimizing texture-modified foods.
Summary: Early identification and strategic interventions are vital for managing malnutrition and dysphagia in aged care facilities, as these conditions are widespread and lead to a higher risk of complications. Although nutritional strategies have shown potential in enhancing oral intake for residents requiring texture-modified foods, lack of investigation on functional outcomes and long-term impact have been highlighted, emphasizing the need for continued research and development of effective assessment tools and targeted interventions to optimize the care for this at-risk group.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0000000000000911 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A., Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: The vicious cycle between depression and dementia increases the risk of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis and pathology. This study investigates therapeutic effectiveness versus side effects and the underlying mechanisms of intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles (IDNs) to treat depression behavior and memory loss in 5XFAD mice.
Method: 5XFAD and wild-type B6SJLF1/J mice were treated with IDNs (IDN, 5 mg/kg) in Ryanodex formulation for a duration of 12 weeks.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A., Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: This study investigates the therapeutic versus side effects of intranasal lithium chloride (LiCl) in Ryanodex formulation vehicle (RFV) to inhibit inflammation and pyroptosis and to ameliorate on cognitive dysfunction and depressive behavior in 5XFAD mice.
Method: 5XFAD and wild type (WT) B6SJLF1/J mice were treated with intranasal or oral LiCl (3 mM/kg) dissolved in RFV starting at 2 or 9 months old and the continuous treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Behavior was examined for depression, cognition, olfaction, and motor function at the ages of 5 or 12 months.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
Background: The effectiveness of multimodal lifestyle interventions to prevent dementia is being validated. Since a relatively long period (∼2 years) is required for manifesting an impact on cognitive function, the exploration of an alternative marker that exhibits changes within a comparatively brief duration, thereby prognosticating future alterations in cognitive function, is needed. The decline in gait function is associated with cognitive impairment and is also a predictor of future cognitive decline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Dementia is strongly linked to increased care use, but the use of formal and informal care throughout dementia journey remains unclear.
Method: Within a population-based cohort study, we identified 240 older adults (aged ≥78 years) with who developed CIND and 155 with incident dementia. These participants were matched to 480 and 310 cognitively intact participants, respectively, and their formal and informal care use and care hours were compared with a control groups before and after diagnosis of cognitive disorders.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: Black/African American adults (B/AAs) are 64% more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) than non-Hispanic White adults (NHWs), and risk factors, including non-biological determinants, are not fully delineated. Social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic status and lifetime discrimination, are associated with cognitive decline and increased AD risk. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships of a perceived discrimination measure with sociodemographic characteristics and cognitive function in a racially diverse cohort of middle-aged adults with a parental history of AD.
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