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l-theanine: From tea leaf to trending supplement - does the science match the hype for brain health and relaxation?
Nutr Res
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IMDEA-Food, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
l-Theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid found abundantly in tea leaves. Interest in its potential use as a dietary supplement has surged recently, especially claims related to promoting relaxation and cognitive enhancement. This review surveys the chemistry, metabolism, and purported biological activities of l-theanine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA special two-working-electrode system: a summary of recent development in fabrication and application of interdigitated array electrodes.
Nanotechnology
January 2025
Xidian University, Room 120, G building, Southern campus of Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, CHINA.
The utilization of dual-working-electrode mode of interdigitated array (IDA) electrodes and other two-electrode systems has revolutionized electrochemical detection by enabling the simultaneous and independent detection of two species, accompanied by the exhibition of unique characteristics. In contrast to conventional dual-potential electrodes, such as the rotating ring disk electrodes (RRDE), IDA electrodes demonstrate analogous yet vastly improved performance, characterized by remarkable collection efficiency and sensitivity. Notably, due to the distinctive microscale structure of IDA electrode, the special "feedback" effect makes IDA a unique signal amplifier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat about the Workers? An Update.
J Radiol Prot
January 2025
The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND.
Epidemiological studies of nuclear industry workers are of substantial importance to understanding the risk of cancer consequent to low-level exposure to radiation, and these studies should provide vital evidence for the construction of the international system of radiological protection. Recent studies involve large numbers of workers and include health outcomes for workers who accumulated moderate (and even high) doses over prolonged periods while employed during the earlier years of the nuclear industry. The interpretation of the findings of these recent studies has proved to be disappointingly difficult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiome characterization of patients with Crohn disease and the use of fecal microbiota transplantation: A review.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting the intestines, encompassing both ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease (CD). As one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, CD's pathogenesis is closely linked with the intestinal microbiota. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has gained attention as a potential treatment for CD, with the effective reestablishment of intestinal microecology considered a crucial mechanism of FMT therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent advances in osteoarthritis research: A review of treatment strategies, mechanistic insights, and acupuncture.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by the gradual degeneration of joint cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and functional impairment. Although the pathogenesis of OA is not fully understood, the roles of inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and biomechanical stress are increasingly recognized. Current treatments, including pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and surgical interventions, aim to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life, yet they face limitations and challenges.
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