Innovative and new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have recently been developed to vehicle treatments and drugs to the ocular posterior segment and the retina. New formulations and technological developments, such as nanotechnology, novel matrices, and non-traditional treatment strategies, open new perspectives in this field. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight promising strategies reported in the current literature based on innovative routes to overcome the anatomical and physiological barriers of the vitreoretinal structures. The paper also describes the challenges in finding appropriate and pertinent treatments that provide safety and efficacy and the problems related to patient compliance, acceptability, effectiveness, and sustained drug delivery. The clinical application of these experimental approaches can help pave the way for standardizing the use of DDSs in developing enhanced treatment strategies and personalized therapeutic options for ocular pathologies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071862 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Public Health, Med-X center of materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) ultimately causes renal fibrosis and end-stage renal disease, thus seriously threatens human health. However, current medications for CKD and fibrosis are inefficient, which is often due to poor targeting capability to renal tubule. In this study, we discover that biomimetic high-density lipoprotein (bHDL) lipid nanoparticles possess excellent targeting ability to injured tubular epithelial cells by kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) mediated internalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTob Control
January 2025
Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Objectives: Characterise US residents' exposure to restrictions on sales of flavoured electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), cigars and menthol cigarettes across states and time, and assess correlations between these policies.
Methods: From 2022 to 2024, we compiled flavour policy locations from advocacy groups and online searches, located corresponding legal texts and reviewed these to identify policy details, including effective dates. Using census data, we calculated the proportion of state residents covered by each policy quarterly from 2009 to 2024 and estimated correlations between them and cigarette taxes.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Diabetes, Greenlane Hospital, Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
A woman in her 40s presented with severe post-bariatric hypoglycaemia that persisted despite nutritional therapy and pharmacological therapy with acarbose and subcutaneous octreotide with meals. The nutritional limitations were difficult to sustain, and she developed adverse effects to the pharmacological therapy, and hence, doses could not be increased. She was subsequently treated with subcutaneous octreotide via an insulin pump, with a continuous basal rate and additional bolus doses with meals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. Electronic address:
Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most abundant renewable biological resources on earth. Despite its current underutilization as a source of high-value chemicals, it has promising applications in biomedical and other fields. Presently, lignocellulose is predominantly transformed into high-value-added products, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
January 2025
Department of Physics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant public health concern, emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a highly efficient nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery, enhancing drug efficacy while minimizing concentrations and limiting adverse effects. We synthesized protein-based β-lactoglobulin (βlg) nanoparticles (NPs), loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and sodium butyrate (NaB), and further functionalized with folic acid (FA) for specific targeting of folate receptor-positive CRC cells.
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