The xerogels based on the aqueous solutions of urea in potassium silicate liquid glass (PSLG) were produced by CO bubbling and investigated. The structure and chemical composition of the obtained materials were analyzed. Using the SEM, XRD, IR-FT, DSC, and low energy local EDS analysis, it was recognized that the dried gels (xerogels) contained three forms of urea: oval crystals of regular shape appeared onto the surface of xerogel particles; fibrous crystals were located in the silicate matrix; and molecules/ions were incorporated into the silicate matrix. It was shown that an increase in [(NH)CO] in the gel-forming system promoted increased contents in crystalline forms of urea as well as the diameter of the fiber-shaped urea crystals. A rate of the urea release in water from the granulated xerogels containing 5.8, 12.6, and 17.9 wt.% of urea was determined by the photometric method. It was determined that the obtained urea-containing xerogels were characterized with a slow release of urea, which continued up to 120 days, and could be used as controlled release fertilizers containing useful nutrients (N, K).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145466 | DOI Listing |
Gels
December 2024
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
Photocatalysis has attracted more and more attention as a possible solution to environmental, water, and energy crises. Although some photocatalytic materials have already proven to perform well, there are still some problems that should be solved for the broad commercialization of photocatalysis-based technologies. Among them, cheap and easy recycling, as well as stability issues, should be addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
November 2024
Faculty of Applied Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
In sustainable construction and packaging, the development of novel bio-based materials is crucial, driving a re-evaluation of traditional components. Lightweight, biodegradable materials, including xerogels, have great potential in architectural and packaging applications. However, reinforcing these materials to improve their mechanical strength remains a challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
November 2024
Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany.
Environmental protection, especially fouling protection, is a very topical and wide-ranging issue. This review explores the development, molecular design, and nanoarchitectonics of sol-gel-based hybrid coatings for antifouling applications. These coatings combine inorganic and organic materials, offering enhanced stability and adaptability, making them ideal for protecting surfaces from fouling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
November 2024
Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA, Legaria, Mexico City 11500, Mexico.
This study compared the chemical, structural, and luminescent properties of xerogel-based ceramic powders (CPs) with those of a new series of crystallized aerogels (CAs) synthesized by the epoxy-assisted sol-gel process. Materials with different proportions of Eu (2, 5, 8, and 10 mol%) were synthesized in LuO host matrices, as well as a EuO matrix for comparative purposes. The products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence analysis, and by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Colloid Interface Sci
January 2025
Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada. Electronic address:
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