Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a type of steatosis commonly associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Other diseases such as inherited alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) have also been related to the development of liver steatosis. The primary reasons leading to hepatic lipid deposits can be genetic and epigenetic, and the outcomes range from benign steatosis to liver failure, as well as to extrahepatic diseases. Progressive hepatocellular damage and dysregulated systemic immune responses can affect extrahepatic organs, specifically the heart and lungs. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences between the molecular pathways of NAFLD and AATD, and the putative value of hepatic organoids as novel models to investigate the physio pathological mechanisms of liver steatosis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071961 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is linked to liver disease and was found in around 10% of liver explants from patients, especially those with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), suggesting a combined effect of genetic and environmental factors on liver damage.
- The study analyzed liver samples from 180 patients who underwent liver transplants, with a focus on those with cryptogenic, alcoholic, and NAFLD/NASH cirrhosis, identifying histopathological features indicative of AATD.
- The results showed AATD in a small percentage (4.5%) of the liver explants, highlighting its rarity in the studied population, but underscoring
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