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Immunochemical Identification of the Main Cell Wall Polysaccharides of the Early Land Plant . | LitMetric

Immunochemical Identification of the Main Cell Wall Polysaccharides of the Early Land Plant .

Cells

Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Auzeville-Tolosane, France.

Published: July 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • Plant primary cell walls are complex structures made of polysaccharides like pectins, hemicelluloses, and cellulose, which evolved from aquatic algae to meet terrestrial growth challenges.
  • Researchers studied the polysaccharide composition of a bryophyte, representing early land plants, and identified various types of pectins and hemicelluloses using specific antibodies.
  • The study highlights the differences in cell wall composition between charophyte ancestors and embryophytes, showing how these plant groups adapted their cell walls for life on land.

Article Abstract

Plant primary cell walls are composite structures surrounding the protoplast and containing pectins, hemicelluloses, and cellulose polysaccharides, as well as proteins. Their composition changed during the evolution of the green lineage from algae to terrestrial plants, i.e., from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. The constraints of life in terrestrial environments have generated new requirements for the organisms, necessitating adaptations, such as cell wall modifications. We have studied the cell wall polysaccharide composition of thalli of , a bryophyte belonging to one of the first land plant genera. Using a collection of specific antibodies raised against different cell wall polysaccharide epitopes, we were able to identify in polysaccharide-enriched fractions: pectins, including low-methylesterified homogalacturonans; rhamnogalacturonan I with arabinan side-chains; and hemicelluloses, such as xyloglucans with XXLG and XXXG modules, mannans, including galactomannans, and xylans. We could also show the even distribution of XXLG xyloglucans and galactomannans in the cell walls of thalli by immunocytochemistry. These results are discussed with regard to the cell wall proteome composition and in the context of the evolution of the green lineage. The cell wall polysaccharides of illustrate the transition from the charophyte ancestors of terrestrial plants containing xyloglucans, xylans and mannans as hemicelluloses, and embryophytes which do not exhibit mannans as major primary cell wall polysaccharides.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10378070PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12141833DOI Listing

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