Secondary Metabolites with Herbicidal and Antifungal Activities from Marine-Derived Fungus .

Weed and soil-borne pathogens could synergistically affect vegetable growth and result in serious losses. Investigation of agricultural bioactive metabolites from marine-derived fungus yielded polyketides (-), benzopyrones (-), meroterpenoid derivatives (), and alkaloid (). The structures and absolute configurations of new , , - and were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, as well as comparisons between measured and calculated ECD and C NMR data. Compounds -, and showed herbicidal potentials against the radicle growth of seedlings. Especially exhibited inhibition rates over 90% at concentrations of 20 and 40 μg/mL, even better than the commonly used chemical herbicide acetochlor. Furthermore, also performed a wide herbicidal spectrum against the malignant weeds , , and . Compounds - showed antifungal activities against carbendazim-resistant strains of , with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 32 to 128 μg/mL, which were better than those of carbendazim (MIC = 256 μg/mL). Especially exhibited integrated effects against both soil-borne pathogens and weed. Overall, marine-derived fungus , which produces herbicidal and antifungal metabolites -, showed the potential for use as a microbial pesticide to control both weed and soil-borne pathogens.