AI Article Synopsis
- Autoimmune diseases (ADs) involve the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues, driven by autoreactive lymphocytes and inflammation.
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is crucial in regulating the immune response by limiting effector T-cell activity and enhancing regulatory T-cell function.
- The review examines CTLA-4's role in different ADs, its impact on disease regulation and progression, and highlights ongoing research into targeting CTLA-4 for treatments.
Article Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are characterized by the production of autoreactive lymphocytes, immune responses to self-antigens, and inflammation in related tissues and organs. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is majorly expressed in activated T cells and works as a critical regulator in the inflammatory response. In this review, we first describe the structure, expression, and how the signaling pathways of CTLA-4 participate in reducing effector T-cell activity and enhancing the immunomodulatory ability of regulatory T (Treg) cells to reduce immune response, maintain immune homeostasis, and maintain autoimmune silence. We then focused on the correlation between CTLA-4 and different ADs and how this molecule regulates the immune activity of the diseases and inhibits the onset, progression, and pathology of various ADs. Finally, we summarized the current progress of CTLA-4 as a therapeutic target for various ADs.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10367421 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198365 | DOI Listing |
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