We compared the frequency of airway obstruction in 27 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis using both spirography (FEV1, FEF25-75) and plethysmography (Gus50). FEF25-75 was abnormal in 5 patients and Gus in 8 patients; however, only 3 of them showed abnormal values of both parameters. In the 2 patients with only a spirographic obstruction we observed an increase in static lung compliance. In 5 patients without spirographic obstruction we observed an increase of the elastic recoil of the lung, which probably balanced the decrease of Gus, leading to normal flow. In conclusion, airway obstruction is not frequent in sarcoidosis and can be masked in fibrosing forms, if spirographic measurements only are used.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000194914 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pulm Med
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026 Yatai street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
Background: Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare congenital anomaly caused by the abnormal embryonic migration of thyroid tissue, leading to its presence outside its usual pretracheal location. This condition can lead to diagnostic challenges, especially when located within the airway, as it mimics other respiratory disorders such as asthma.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a 69-year-old man with endotracheal ETT presenting with severe dyspnea, and the lesion was initially suspected to be malignant.
Chest
January 2025
Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is a common hereditary disorder associated with increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Many individuals with severe A1AT deficiency go undiagnosed, or are diagnosed late, and fail to benefit from disease-specific counseling and modifying care. Since the 2012 Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) A1AT deficiency clinical practice guideline, new approaches to optimal diagnosis using modern genetic testing and studies of A1AT augmentation therapy have been published.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaeknabladid
February 2025
Emergency Department, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
A case is reported of a man in his 70s that presented to the emergency department due to difficulty swallowing after a fall. He was found to have a large retropharyngeal hematoma, which led to complete airway obstruction about an hour after the injury. As oral endotracheal intubation was impossible due to the bleeding, an emergency cricothyrotomy was performed in an ambulance by an emergency medicine trainee.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Örebro Sweden.
Background And Aim: Tonsil-surgery is a common treatment for tonsillitis and upper-airway obstruction. Health benefits are a key point of clinical concern. Aim: To evaluate health benefits 6-months after pediatric tonsil-surgery and to examine the influence of the perioperative period on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaryngoscope
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Objectives: The study aims to investigate the relationship between the presence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and obstruction levels identified during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among nonobese patients.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 105 adult patients diagnosed with OSA who underwent DISE using propofol sedation from 2019 to 2024 at a tertiary hospital. To control for the confounding impact of obesity on LPR, the study selectively enrolled individuals presenting a body mass index within the normal range.
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