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Post-testicular spermatozoa of a marine teleost can conduct cytoplasmic and mitochondrial translation.
iScience
January 2025
Institute of Marine Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Translational silence of spermatozoa has long been considered the norm in animals. However, studies in mammals have shown that the mitochondrial ribosomal machinery is selectively activated during capacitation in the female reproductive tract, while cytosolic ribosomes remain inactive. Here, using quantitative proteomics in a piscine model species, we show that proteins involved in mRNA processing and cytoplasmic translation are predominantly accumulated in immature spermatozoa within the extratesticular excurrent ducts, while those related to flagellar motility are enriched in ejaculated (mature) sperm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranslation Efficiency Test Using Polysome Profiles Under Heat Stress.
J Vis Exp
October 2024
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University;
Translational control of different genes under heat stress is a critical step for plant adaptation to the environment. Assessing the translational activities of various genes can help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying plant resilience, contributing to the development of crops with enhanced stress tolerance in the face of global climate change. This paper presents a detailed methodology for assessing translation efficiency through polysome profiling in plants exposed to heat stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEukaryotic translation initiation factor 6-mediated ribosome biogenesis promotes synovial aggression and inflammation by increasing the translation of SP1 in rheumatoid arthritis.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, PR China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play critical roles in synovial inflammation and aggression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we explored the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6) in regulating the biological behaviors of FLSs from patients with RA.
Methods: FLSs were isolated from the synovial tissues of RA patients.
Rapid and Robust Polysome Isolation and Fraction RNA Extraction for Studying the Seed Translatome.
Curr Protoc
September 2024
Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
Translation of mRNA into functional proteins is a fundamental process underlying many aspects of plant growth and development. Yet, the role of translational regulation in plants across diverse tissue types, including seeds, is not well known due to the lack of methods targeting these processes. Studying the seed translatome could unveil seed-specific regulatory mechanisms, offering valuable insights for breeding efforts to enhance seed traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of ribosome stalling and no-go mRNA decay stimulated by the fragile X protein, FMRP.
J Biol Chem
August 2024
Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Electronic address:
Loss of functional fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) causes fragile X syndrome and is the leading monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. FMRP is most notably a translational repressor and is thought to inhibit translation elongation by stalling ribosomes as FMRP-bound polyribosomes from brain tissue are resistant to puromycin and nuclease treatment. Here, we present data showing that the C-terminal noncanonical RNA-binding domain of FMRP is essential and sufficient to induce puromycin-resistant mRNA•ribosome complexes.
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