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Effect of dietary inclusion of microalgae (Nannochloropsis gaditana and Schizochytrium spp) on non-specific immunity and erythrocyte maturity in Atlantic salmon fingerlings. | LitMetric

Effect of dietary inclusion of microalgae (Nannochloropsis gaditana and Schizochytrium spp) on non-specific immunity and erythrocyte maturity in Atlantic salmon fingerlings.

Fish Shellfish Immunol

Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Producción Animal, Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa, 11315, La Pintana, CP, 8820808, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile. Electronic address:

Published: September 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how a diet enriched with microalgae (Schizochytrium spp and Nannochloropsis gaditana) impacts the immune response during the parr-smolt transformation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
  • Fish were fed a microalgal mix for 30 days, and results showed a significant increase in the expression of immune-related genes and changes in blood cell populations, specifically in erythrocytes and leukocytes.
  • The findings suggest that this dietary supplementation enhances the fish's immune response by boosting antibacterial factors and increasing the number of immune cells in their blood.

Article Abstract

The parr-smolt transformation in salmonids involves a critical period characterized by systemic changes associated with the fish's immune response. In this context, as a dietary ingredient in functional diets, microalgae offer an alternative due to their nutritional and bioactive compounds that could strengthen the immune status. This study evaluated the effect of a diet supplemented with Schizochytrium spp and Nannochloropsis gaditana on the expression of genes associated with the antibacterial response. Additionally, the study assessed the effect on the leukocyte population and erythrocyte maturity in Salmo salar blood. Fish were fed for 30 days with a microalgal mixture (1:1) at a 10% inclusion. Each diet was randomly assigned to a tank using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Each tank was stocked with 70 Atlantic salmon fingerlings with an initial mean weight of 78.87 ± 0.84. Transcription levels were quantified and analyzed by qRT-PCR from cell isolates and mucus tissue. Furthermore, cell count and identification of leukocytes and classification of cellular maturity of erythrocytes using a neural network with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) were performed. Our results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in fold change expression of C3 (2.54 ± 0.65) and NK-Lysine (6.84 ± 0.94) in erythrocytes of microalgae-supplemented fish. Moreover, a significant increase of 1.59 and 2.35 times in monocytes and immature erythrocytes, respectively, was observed in the same group of fish (p < 0.05). This study's results indicate that dual microalgae (Schizochytrium spp and N. gaditana) supplementation can increase innate humoral antibacterial components, particularly in erythrocyte tissue, and increase phagocytic cells and immature erythrocytes in S. salar blood.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108975DOI Listing

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