Optimal medical therapy improves outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction.

Aims: We aimed to explored the association between the use of optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients with myocardial infarction (AMI) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and clinical outcomes.

Methods: Bleeding complications in a Multicenter registry of patients discharged with diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome (BleeMACS) is an international registry that enrolled participants with acute coronary syndrome followed up for at least 1 year across 15 centers from 2003 to 2014. Baseline characteristics and endpoints were analyzed.

Results: Among 3095 (23.2%) patients with AMI and DM, 1898 (61.3%) received OMT at hospital discharge. OMT was associated with significantly reduced mortality (4.3% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.001), re-AMI (4.4% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001), and composite endpoint of death/re-AMI (8.0% vs. 17.6%, p < 0.001). No difference was observed among regions. Propensity score matching confirmed that OMT significantly associated with lower mortality. After adjusting for confounding variables, OMT, drug-eluting stents, and complete revascularization were independent protective factors of 1-year mortality, whereas left ventricular ejection fraction and age were risk factors.

Conclusions: Guideline-recommended OMT was prescribed at suboptimal frequencies with geographic variations in this worldwide cohort. OMT can improve long-term clinical outcomes in patients with DM and AMI.

Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02466854 June 9, 2015.