To determine whether disturbances of CO homeostasis alter force output characteristics of lower limb muscles, participants performed four isometric knee extension trials (MVC, 10 s each with 20-s rest intervals) in three CO conditions (normocapnia [NORM], hypercapnia [HYPER], and hypocapnia [HYPO]). Respiratory frequency and tidal volume were matched between CO conditions. In each MVC, the participants exerted a constant force (30 % of maximum voluntary contraction [MVC]). The force coefficient of variation (Fcv) during each MVC and MVC before and after the four MVC trials were measured. For the means of the four trials, Fcv was significantly lower in HYPER than in HYPO. However, within HYPER, a significant positive correlation was found between the increase in end-tidal CO partial pressure and the increase in Fcv. MVCs in NORM and HYPO decreased significantly over the four trials, while no such reduction was observed in HYPER. These results suggest that perturbed CO homeostasis influences the force output characteristics independently of breathing pattern variables.
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