AI Article Synopsis

  • Major depressive disorder shows varied symptoms, and genetic analysis can help identify specific subtypes and clinical profiles.
  • Challenges in integrating symptom data arise from differences in sample sizes and patterns of missing data in clinical vs. community groups.
  • The study used genome-wide association studies to find that a model including unique symptom factors and accounting for missing data best represented the symptoms of depression, highlighting the need to consider symptom directionality and study design when analyzing genetic data.

Article Abstract

Diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder allow for heterogeneous symptom profiles but genetic analysis of major depressive symptoms has the potential to identify clinical and aetiological subtypes. There are several challenges to integrating symptom data from genetically-informative cohorts, such as sample size differences between clinical and community cohorts and various patterns of missing data. We conducted genome-wide association studies of major depressive symptoms in three clinical cohorts that were enriched for affected participants (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Australian Genetics of Depression Study, Generation Scotland) and three community cohorts (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Estonian Biobank, and UK Biobank). We fit a series of confirmatory factor models with factors that accounted for how symptom data was sampled and then compared alternative models with different symptom factors. The best fitting model had a distinct factor for symptoms and an additional measurement factor that accounted for missing data patterns in the community cohorts (use of Depression and Anhedonia as gating symptoms). The results show the importance of assessing the directionality of symptoms (such as hypersomnia versus insomnia) and of accounting for study and measurement design when meta-analysing genetic association data.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350129PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.23292214DOI Listing

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