Diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder allow for heterogeneous symptom profiles but genetic analysis of major depressive symptoms has the potential to identify clinical and aetiological subtypes. There are several challenges to integrating symptom data from genetically-informative cohorts, such as sample size differences between clinical and community cohorts and various patterns of missing data. We conducted genome-wide association studies of major depressive symptoms in three clinical cohorts that were enriched for affected participants (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Australian Genetics of Depression Study, Generation Scotland) and three community cohorts (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Estonian Biobank, and UK Biobank). We fit a series of confirmatory factor models with factors that accounted for how symptom data was sampled and then compared alternative models with different symptom factors. The best fitting model had a distinct factor for symptoms and an additional measurement factor that accounted for missing data patterns in the community cohorts (use of Depression and Anhedonia as gating symptoms). The results show the importance of assessing the directionality of symptoms (such as hypersomnia versus insomnia) and of accounting for study and measurement design when meta-analysing genetic association data.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.23292214 | DOI Listing |
J Gen Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Background: Previous reports suggest patient and caregiver lack of awareness of dementia. Little is known about how this varies by ethnicity and how informal (family) caregiver burden is associated with knowing a dementia diagnosis.
Objective: To investigate whether participants with probable dementia were aware of a diagnosis provided by a physician and how this differed among Mexican American and non-Hispanic White participants; whether having a primary care physician was associated with dementia diagnosis unawareness; and the association of dementia diagnosis unawareness with caregiver burden.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
January 2025
San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States.
Background: Few studies have examined how cancer incidence varies by country of origin among United States Hispanic/Latino adults. Herein, we describe the incidence rates of cancer overall and for screen-detectable, tobacco-related, and obesity-related cancers among 16,415 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), an ongoing population-based cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults from diverse backgrounds.
Methods: Cohort participant records were linked to the state cancer registries in New York, Florida, California, and Illinois to ascertain cancer incidence from baseline (2008-2011) through 2021.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
December 2024
Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY.
Introduction: Efforts to improve pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among gay men, transgender women, and Black cisgender women are evident across the United States, responding to epidemiologic data showing a disproportionate HIV burden in these communities. However, transgender men and other transmasculine people who have sex with men (TMSM)-those assigned female at birth who identify otherwise and have sex with cisgender men-are often excluded from these statistics. This community has unique vulnerabilities and prevention needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci
January 2025
Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.
Objectives: Restriction of life space mobility is associated with adverse health outcomes including depression, morbidity, mortality and poorer quality of life. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 and associated employment loss on the life space of older adults in Singapore.
Methods: An in-person survey was administered to a cohort of older Singaporeans above 50 years old (N = 1,118).
Environ Sci Technol
January 2025
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Enteropathogens are major contributors to mortality and morbidity, particularly in settings with limited access to water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure. To assess transmission pathways associated with enteropathogen infection, we measured household environmental conditions and assayed 22 enteropathogens using TaqMan Array Cards in stool samples from 276 six-month-old children living in communities along a rural-urban gradient in Northern Ecuador. We utilized multivariable models, risk factor importance, and distance-based statistical methods to test factors associated with infection.
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