The host associations of mosquitoes vary by species, with some species being relative generalists, whereas others specialize, to varying extents, on a particular subset of the available host community. These host associations are driving factors in transmission dynamics of mosquito-vectored pathogens. For this reason, characterizing the host associations of mosquito species is critical for understanding the epidemiology of mosquito-vectored pathogens. Diverse methods have been used to associate mosquito species with their hosts. These typically include collecting mosquitoes that bite a restrained host (bait) or collecting wild blood-engorged mosquitoes and matching their blood meal to reference samples (blood meal analysis). Blood meal analysis refers to a collection of molecular techniques for determining the taxonomic identity of the source of a mosquito blood meal using cytological, serological, or DNA-based characteristics of the blood meal. Blood meal analyses that are based on DNA markers have advantages over cytological and serological methods and are effective for determining species-level identities of hosts from a broad range of potential host taxa. Here, we discuss effective techniques for analyzing blood meals.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.top107706 | DOI Listing |
Ready-to-use supplemental foods (RUSF) are energy-dense meals formulated to prevent and treat moderate and severe childhood acute malnutrition (MAM and SAM) in high-risk settings. Although lifesaving, the degree and durability of weight recovery with RUSF is unpredictable. We examined whether environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and gut microbiota perturbations are risk factors for RUSF failure in a birth cohort of 416 rural Pakistani children followed for growth, common childhood illnesses, and biomarkers from blood, urine, and stool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The number of mosquito bites a person receives determines the risk of acquiring malaria and the likelihood of transmitting infections to mosquitoes. We assessed heterogeneity in biting and associated factors in two settings in Uganda with different endemicity.
Methods: parasites in blood-fed indoor caught mosquitoes were quantified using qPCR targeting the Pf18S rRNA gene.
Malar J
December 2024
Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Studies on Plasmodium falciparum transmission require blood-feeding infectious gametocytes to mosquitoes using standard membrane-feeding assays (SMFAs). SMFAs are routinely performed using electric heating coils or glass membrane feeders connected to a circulatory water bath using tubing and clamps. Each of these approaches is expensive and requires a complex setup, hence restricting the number of assays that can be performed simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Infect Dis
December 2024
MMV Medicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland.
Background: Novel antimalarials are needed to address emerging resistance to artemisinin and partner drugs. We did two trials to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity against blood stage Plasmodium falciparum for the drug candidate MMV533.
Methods: A phase 1a first-in-human (FIH) trial was conducted at Nucleus Network (Melbourne, VIC, Australia).
Int J Sports Physiol Perform
December 2024
Department of Service Sector Management, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of an individualized sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation-timing strategy on 200-m and 400-m freestyle swimming time-trial (TT) performance.
Methods: Thirteen well-trained swimmers (8 men and 5 women; mean [SD] 22 [3] y, 1.76 [0.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!